DR Congo’s M23 rebels capture Bukavu, raising fears of regional escalation

The M23 rebels, backed by Rwanda, have seized control of Bukavu, the second-largest city in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), raising fears of a regional escalation.
Their rapid advance through the South Kivu region, after an earlier lightning-speed offensive on Goma in neighboring North Kivu, marks a significant escalation in the ongoing conflict. Reports indicate that the M23 fighters encountered little resistance, with Congolese troops reportedly retreating to avoid urban combat. The rebels swiftly took over Kavumu Airport, the last military stronghold before Bukavu, and entered the city center, where civilians greeted them with both cheers and fear. While some residents voiced support for the M23, calling for change, the city was also rocked by looting and violence, with reports of casualties and displaced people. The chaos left many hiding in their homes, as the rebels established control.
The international community has raised alarms over the spiraling conflict, calling for deescalation and a ceasefire. UN secretary-general Antonio Guterres urged the regional actors to “avoid a regional escalation at all costs,” emphasizing the need for dialogue and the respect of the DRC’s territorial integrity. The African Union (AU), currently holding a summit in Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, has been criticized for its lack of decisive action, amid rising tensions in the region. Congolese president Felix Tshisekedi, addressing the Munich Security Conference last Friday, urged nations to “blacklist” Rwanda, condemning Kigali’s “expansionist ambitions”. Rwanda continues to deny direct involvement in the M23’s actions, despite evidence of military support. The situation has sparked debates over Kigali’s role and the broader implications for the DRC and neighboring countries. With millions displaced and escalating violence, the international community faces increasing pressure to find a peaceful resolution.